Field Intelligence

Track Guide

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Nocturnal
Aardvark

"Very distinct track with four powerful, long claw marks on the front foot and five on the hind foot. Used for digging."

Carnivores
Aardwolf

"Dog-like but with a small fifth toe often visible on the front foot. Claws are non-retractable and visible."

Bovids
African Buffalo

"Classic cloven-hoof print, similar to a cow's but larger and more rounded. The two halves are symmetrical and heavy-set."

Giants
African Bush Elephant

"Huge, circular track with a wrinkled, rough texture. Individual toenails are sometimes visible at the front edge of the track."

Carnivores
African Striped Weasel

"Small and elongated five-toed tracks with visible claw marks. Very similar to a mongoose track but more slender."

Carnivores
African Wild Cat

"Similar to a domestic cat but slightly larger and found in wild habitats. Four-toed, asymmetrical, with no claw marks."

Primates
Baboon (Chacma)

"Looks like a small, narrow human hand and foot. The foot track shows a separate, opposable-looking big toe."

Carnivores
Banded Mongoose

"Small five-toed tracks with visible claw marks. Often seen in groups, so tracks will be numerous and jumbled."

Carnivores
Bat-eared Fox

"Small, delicate canine track with four toes and visible claws. The main pad is a distinct small triangular shape."

Antelopes
Black Wildebeest

"Cloven hoof, more rounded and broader than the Blue Wildebeest, with prominent dewclaws often showing."

Antelopes
Blue Duiker

"Extremely small and delicate cloven hoof prints, even smaller than a Steenbok's. Found in dense forest and thicket."

Carnivores
Brown Hyena

"Similar to Spotted Hyena but more slender. Four toes with blunt, non-retractable claws. Front feet are still larger than hind feet."

Antelopes
Bushbuck

"Small and delicate cloven-hoof print, similar to Impala but slightly broader and more rounded at the tips."

Pigs
Bushpig

"Similar to a warthog but the hooves are more pointed and the dew claws are larger and more frequently visible."

Carnivores
Cape Fox

"Small, neat canine track, more slender than a jackal's, with four toes and small claw marks."

Small Mammals
Cape Hare

"Classic hare pattern: two small front feet land one behind the other, and two large hind feet land side-by-side in front. Very similar to Scrub Hare."

Carnivores
Caracal

"A small cat track, similar to a domestic cat but larger. Four toes, asymmetrical, with no claw marks as they are retractable."

Big Cats
Cheetah

"Oval-shaped track with four toe pads. Unlike other cats, faint claw marks are often visible as their claws are only semi-retractable."

Carnivores
Civet (African)

"Five-toed track that is elongated. Claw marks are visible. Can be confused with a small dog, but has five toes."

Antelopes
Common Duiker

"Very small, neat and pointed hoof prints. The two halves of the hoof are slender."

Carnivores
Dwarf Mongoose

"Tiny five-toed tracks with small claw marks. The smallest of the mongooses, tracks are delicate and hard to see."

Large Herbivores
Eland

"Very large cloven-hoof print, similar to a buffalo but slightly more elongated and pointed."

Antelopes
Gemsbok

"Large, heart-shaped cloven hoof, very sharp and V-shaped, well-adapted for sandy conditions."

Carnivores
Genet (Small-spotted)

"Five-toed tracks arranged in a C-shape with small, sharp claw marks sometimes visible. A very neat and compact track."

Large Herbivores
Giraffe

"Very large, cloven-hoof print, almost dinner-plate sized. The two halves are rounded and symmetrical."

Rodents
Greater Cane Rat

"Relatively large for a rodent. Four toes on the front foot and five on the hind, with blunt claws. Tracks show a shuffling gait."

Primates
Greater Galago

"Hand-like prints with long, slender fingers and toes. The thumbs and big toes are opposable."

Antelopes
Grey Rhebok

"Small, neat cloven-hoof prints, similar to a Mountain Reedbuck. Found in grassy, mountainous terrain."

Large Herbivores
Hartebeest (Lichtenstein's)

"Typical antelope hoof print, heart-shaped and pointed. Larger than an impala and smaller than an eland."

Large Herbivores
Hartebeest (Red)

"Heart-shaped cloven hoof, very similar to other large antelope. Often found in open grassland areas."

Giants
Hippo

"Large, four-toed track. The toes are widely splayed, especially in mud. The overall shape is bulky and somewhat indistinct."

Carnivores
Honey Badger

"Five-toed track with very long claws on the front feet used for digging. The pads are broad."

Carnivores
Hyena (Spotted)

"Large, dog-like track with four toes. Prominent claw marks are always visible. The front feet are noticeably larger than the hind feet."

Antelopes
Impala

"Small, neat, heart-shaped cloven hoof print. The tracks are dainty and pointed."

Carnivores
Jackal (Black-backed)

"Small, neat, dog-like track. Oval shaped with four toes and claw marks. The central pads are small."

Antelopes
Klipspringer

"Unique, small, circular hoof prints. The hooves are cylindrical, adapted for walking on rock surfaces like a ballerina on pointe."

Birds
Kori Bustard

"Large three-toed track with broad, blunt toes. The track is asymmetrical and points forward. One of the heaviest flying birds."

Large Herbivores
Kudu

"Large, slender, cloven-hoof print with pointed, V-shaped tips. The tracks are elegant and long."

Big Cats
Leopard

"Slightly smaller and more oval-shaped than a lion's track. Four toe pads are visible, and claw marks are absent. The rear pad has three lobes."

Reptiles
Leopard Tortoise

"Blunt, indistinct tracks left by stumpy, elephant-like feet. Often accompanied by the drag mark of its low-slung shell."

Primates
Lesser Galago

"Extremely small hand-like and foot-like prints. Shows long, slender digits. Difficult to spot on the ground as they are primarily arboreal."

Big Cats
Lion

"Large, round pugmark with four distinct toe pads and no claw marks, as claws are retractable. The rear pad is large and has three lobes at the back."

Reptiles
Lizard (Rock Monitor)

"Five long, splayed-out toes with sharp claw marks. A tail drag mark is often visible between the tracks."

Carnivores
Meller's Mongoose

"A larger mongoose track with five toes and visible claws. The pads are broader than smaller mongoose species."

Carnivores
Mongoose (Slender)

"Small, elongated five-toed tracks with sharp claws visible. The gait is often a bounding one, with tracks close together."

Antelopes
Mountain Reedbuck

"Slightly rounded cloven hooves, smaller than a Waterbuck. Often found on hillsides and rocky slopes."

Antelopes
Natal Red Duiker

"Tiny, sharply pointed cloven-hoof prints. Similar to the Blue Duiker, found in dense forest and thicket areas."

Reptiles
Nile Crocodile

"Large, powerful tracks. The front foot has five widely splayed toes, while the hind foot has four webbed toes. A heavy tail-drag mark is almost always present between the tracks."

Large Herbivores
Nyala

"Slender, pointed cloven-hoof print, similar in size to a Kudu but often found in denser bush."

Antelopes
Oribi

"Small, slender, and pointed cloven-hoof prints, very similar to a Steenbok. Found in open grasslands."

Birds
Ostrich

"Huge and unmistakable track with only two large toes. The larger toe has a prominent nail. Designed for running at high speed."

Carnivores
Otter (African Clawless)

"Distinctive webbed tracks showing five toes, but as the name suggests, there are no claw marks. Usually found near water."

Nocturnal
Pangolin

"Rare to see. Shows five toes with large, curved claw marks from the front feet used for digging. The animal walks on its hind legs, with front claws tucked in."

Equids
Plains Zebra

"A single, solid hoof print, smaller and more rounded than a domestic horse. The classic "U" shape is visible."

Rodents
Porcupine

"Pebbly-textured tracks with long claw marks. The front foot shows four toes and the hind foot shows five."

Antelopes
Red Lechwe

"Long, pointed, and splayed cloven hooves, adapted for wading in marshy areas. Similar to Sitatunga but slightly less extreme."

Antelopes
Reedbuck (Southern)

"Slightly larger and more rounded than an Impala's track. Often found in or near reed beds and grasslands."

Giants
Rhino

"Large, three-toed track resembling a clover leaf, for both Black and White Rhino. The front foot is larger than the hind foot."

Large Herbivores
Roan Antelope

"Large, heart-shaped cloven hoof, larger than a Kudu's and slightly smaller and more defined than a Buffalo's."

Small Mammals
Rock Dassie (Hyrax)

"Soft, padded feet leave indistinct tracks with four toes on the front and three on the back. The pads are rubbery for grip."

Small Mammals
Rock Elephant Shrew

"Tiny tracks showing four toes on the front and five on the hind feet. The animal hops, leaving paired tracks."

Large Herbivores
Sable Antelope

"Large, heart-shaped cloven hoof similar to Roan, but slightly more slender and pointed."

Primates
Samango Monkey

"Similar to a Vervet Monkey's track but slightly larger. Shows five slender digits on both hands and feet."

Small Mammals
Scrub Hare

"Distinctive pattern with two small front feet landing one behind the other, and two large hind feet landing side-by-side in front."

Birds
Secretarybird

"Shows three long, slender toes facing forward and a shorter toe facing backward. The tracks reflect its terrestrial lifestyle of walking through grasslands."

Carnivores
Serval

"A small, neat cat track, with four toes and no claw marks. The main pad is proportionally small."

Antelopes
Sharpe's Grysbok

"Tiny, delicate cloven hoof prints, similar to a Steenbok but often found in rocky, well-wooded areas."

Carnivores
Side-striped Jackal

"Very similar to a Black-backed Jackal. Small, neat, dog-like track. Oval shaped with four toes and claw marks."

Antelopes
Sitatunga

"Unique cloven hooves that are extremely long, slender, and widely splayed, an adaptation for walking on soft, marshy ground."

Small Mammals
South-African Hedgehog

"Small five-toed tracks with visible claws. The front feet are broad, while the hind feet are more slender."

Carnivores
Spotted-necked Otter

"Distinctive webbed tracks showing five toes with small, sharp claw marks, differentiating it from the clawless otter."

Antelopes
Springbok

"Neat, sharp cloven-hoof prints, similar to Impala but more associated with open, arid plains."

Rodents
Springhare

"Very large hind feet leave long tracks, while the small front feet are only used when moving slowly. Bipedal hopping motion."

Rodents
Tree Squirrel

"Small tracks with four toes on the front and five on the back, all with sharp, visible claws. Often seen in a bounding pattern."

Antelopes
Steenbok

"Very small and delicate cloven-hoof print, one of the smallest antelopes. The tracks are tiny and sharp."

Antelopes
Suni

"Extremely tiny cloven-hoof prints, smaller even than a Steenbok's. Found in dense thickets."

Large Herbivores
Tsessebe

"Slender, pointed cloven-hoof tracks, similar to Wildebeest but slightly narrower."

Primates
Vervet Monkey

"Small hand-like and foot-like prints with five slender fingers/toes. Tracks are often jumbled as they move through trees and on the ground."

Pigs
Warthog

"Small, cloven hoof track. What often distinguishes it are the two dew claws that register behind and to the side of the main hoof."

Large Herbivores
Waterbuck

"Large cloven hoof, similar to a Kudu but more rounded and often splayed. Heavier and less elegant than a Kudu track."

Reptiles
Water Monitor

"Five long, splayed-out toes with sharp claw marks. Larger than a Rock Monitor's. A tail drag mark is often visible between the tracks."

Carnivores
White-tailed Mongoose

"The largest mongoose. Shows five toes on both front and hind feet with prominent, non-retractable claws. Pads are broad."

Large Herbivores
Wildebeest (Blue)

"Cloven hoof, more slender and pointed than a buffalo's. The two halves are pear-shaped."

Carnivores
Wild Dog

"Asymmetrical, four-toed track with non-retractable claws. Similar to a hyena but smaller and more compact."

Rodents
Woodland Dormouse

"Tiny tracks with four toes on the front and five on the hind feet, with claws adapted for climbing. Very rarely seen."

Carnivores
Yellow Mongoose

"Five-toed track with sharp, non-retractable claws. The pads are small, and the track is compact."

Small Mammals
Yellow-spotted Rock Dassie

"Similar to the Rock Dassie, with soft, padded feet leaving indistinct tracks. The prints show four toes on the front and three on the hind feet."

Equids
Zebra (Plains)

"A single, solid hoof print, smaller and more rounded than a domestic horse. The classic "U" shape is visible."

Carnivores
Zorilla

"Small weasel-like track with five toes on both front and hind feet. Shows long, non-retractable claws used for digging."

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